Bidens pilosa L.

Compositae, H. Beentje, C. Jeffrey & D.J.N. Hind. Flora of Tropical East Africa. 2005

Morphology General Habit

Annual herb, erect, 0.1–1.5 m high; stem much branched or sometimes hardly branched, pale green or sometimes reddish, 4-angled, sparsely pubescent to glabrous.

Morphology Leaves

Leaves pinnately 3–5-lobed or occasionally simple in upper or lowermost part of stem, up to 15(–20) cm long, segments ovate to ovate-lanceolate, margins serrate or crenate-serrate, sparsely pubescent to glabrous, terminal segment 5–10 cm long, 2.5–5 cm wide, lateral segments 2–5 cm long, 1–2 cm wide and asymmetric, often lobed or bilobed; petiole to 70 mm long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Capitulum

Capitula terminal and solitary or few together; peduncle to 16 cm long; outer phyllaries 7–10, 3–4 mm long, reflexed at anthesis, inner phyllaries 5–8, yellow-green to pale brown, 3–4.5 mm long with yellow scarious margins, glabrous but for the apex; receptacle club-shaped in fruit; paleae light brown, striate, 3–5 mm long.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Florets

Ray florets white or cream, sometimes absent, neuter or with pistillodes or staminodes, 4–8, rays (when fully developed) 7–15x3–4.5 mm, tube 0.5–0.8 mm long; disc florets yellow or yellow-orange, ± 4 mm long, pubescent at base.

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Achenes black, 4–6-ribbed, linear-tetragonal, 4–12 mm long, strigose or verrucose; aristae 2–3(–4), 2–4 mm long, retrorsely barbed.

Figures

Fig. 172/12–13 (page 805).

Habitat

common weed of cultivation and ruderal sites, often on alluvial sites, also in forest margins and grassland, in swamps and along streams; may be locally common; 0–60 and 750–2500 m

Distribution

pan-tropical and -sub-tropical, also extending into some temperate areas K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 P T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Morphology General Habit

Herb.

Distribution

Introduced in Colombia.

Ecology

Alt. 0 - 3100 m.

Vernacular

Taimquala.

Distribution

Biogeografic region: Andean, Caribbean, Pacific. Elevation range: 0–3100 m a.s.l. Native to Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, Bogotá DC, Boyacá, Caldas, Caquetá, Cauca, Chocó, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Meta, Nariño, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindío, San Andrés y Providencia, Santander, Tolima, Valle del Cauca.

Habit

Herb.

Conservation

National Red List of Colombia (2021): Potential LC.

Ecology

Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, savanna, shrubland, native grassland, wetlands (inland), artificial - terrestrial.

Vernacular

Abujua (Cubeo), Cadillo, Masequía, Pacunga, Papunga

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds Protein Content

17.50% Entire seed/nut. Moisture content not stated (Jones & Earle, 1966)

M. Thulin et al. Flora of Somalia, Vol. 1-4 [updated 2008] https://plants.jstor.org/collection/FLOS

Morphology General Habit

Erect annual herb, 0.2–0.75 m high

Morphology Leaves

Leaves with petiole 1–3 cm long; blade pinnately 3–5-lobed, occasionally upper and lower leaves simple, segments ovate or ovate-lanceolate, 1-10 x 2-5 cm, thinly hairy or glabrous, serrate or crenate-serrate, the terminal segment often the longest and widest

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences

Capitula 5–12 x 5–7 mm at anthesis, up to 12 mm high in fruit

Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Phyllaries

Outer phyllaries green, 7–10, narrowly spathulate, 3–4 x 0.5–0.8 mm Inner phyllaries yellowish-green with yellow scarious margins, 5–8, narrowly ovate-lanceolate, 3–4.5 x 1–1.5 mm

Ray

Ray florets white, 4–8 or sometimes absent, usually neuter or with pistillodes or staminodes, with 5–7 orange striations, 7–15 x 3–4.5 mm, deeply 3-cleft at the apex

Morphology Reproductive morphology Flowers Disc

Disk florets with corolla 3–4 mm long

Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits

Achenes black, 4–12 x 0.8–1 mm, tetragonal, strigose or verrucose

Morphology Reproductive morphology Seeds Pappus

Pappus aristae 2–4, 2–4 mm long, backwardly barbed.

Distribution

N1; S1, 3 pantropical weed.

Ecology

Altitude range 100–1580 m.

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation

Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular

amapola silvestre, amorseco, cacho de cabra, cadillo, cadillo de huerta, carapacunga, caripacunga, chipa, chipaca, chipaco, mandigüiche, masequía, masiquía, masiquiara, pacunga, papunga, pegapega, picuyo, tapunga, venturosa

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution

Adventicia en Colombia; Alt. 0 - 3100 m.; Andes, Islas Caribeñas, Pacífico, Valle del Cauca, Valle del Magdalena.

Morphology General Habit

Hierba

Conservation

Preocupación Menor

Use Animal Food

Used as animal food.

Use Environmental

Environmental uses.

Use Gene Sources

Used as gene sources.

Use Food

Used for food.

Use Invertebrate Food

Used as invertebrate food.

Use Materials

Used as material.

Use Medicines

Medical uses.

Use Poisons

Poisons.

Use Social

Social uses.