Asteraceae
Matricaria

Matricaria chamomilla L.

First published in Sp. Pl.: 891 (1753)
This species is accepted
The native range of this species is Macaronesia, N. Africa, Temp. Eurasia to Indo-China. It is an annual and grows primarily in the temperate biome. It is used as animal food and a medicine, has social uses and for food.

Descriptions

Ghazanfar, S. A., Edmondson, J. R. & Hind, D. J. N. (Eds). (2019). Flora of Iraq, Volume 6: Compositae.Kew Publishing

Morphology General Habit
Glabrous annual herb 10–30 m, branched from base
Morphology Leaves
Leaves  2-pinnatisect,  segments linear, setaceous, flat, mucronate
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Capitulum
Capitula 15–20 cm in diameter, long-stalked
Morphology Reproductive morphology Inflorescences Bracts Phyllaries
Phyllaries oblong, obtuse, margins scarious
Ray
Ray florets 6–10 mm, white, reflexed; disc florets golden- yellow
Morphology Reproductive morphology Fruits
Achenes ± terete, tapering towards base, apex truncate, 5-ribbed on ventral face; pappus reduced to a corona.
Ecology
Waste places near cultivation; alt. 50–250 m;
Phenology
flowering Apr.-Jun.
Distribution
Scattered in Mesopotamian alluvial plain (Iraq). Europe, Mediterranean area, Palestine, Syria, Turkey, Iran. Often cultivated for its medicinal uses, and probably not native in Iran.
[FIQ]

Distribution
Biogeografic region: Andean. Elevation range: 1700–3600 m a.s.l. Naturalised in Colombia. Colombian departments: Antioquia, Bogotá DC, Boyacá, Cundinamarca, Huila, Magdalena, Nariño, Putumayo, Risaralda, Santander, Tolima, Valle del Cauca.
Habit
Herb.
Ecology
Habitat according IUCN Habitats Classification: forest and woodland, shrubland, native grassland, desert, artificial - terrestrial.
Vernacular
Camomilla, Manzanilla chiquita, Manzanilla común, Manzanilla dulce, Manzanilla romana
[UPFC]

Bernal, R., G. Galeano, A. Rodríguez, H. Sarmiento y M. Gutiérrez. 2017. Nombres Comunes de las Plantas de Colombia. http://www.biovirtual.unal.edu.co/nombrescomunes/

Vernacular
manzanilla, manzanilla chiquita, manzanilla cimarrona, manzanilla común, manzanilla de Castilla, manzanilla dulce, manzanilla loca, manzanilla matricaria, manzanilla romana
[UNAL]

Extinction risk predictions for the world's flowering plants to support their conservation (2024). Bachman, S.P., Brown, M.J.M., Leão, T.C.C., Lughadha, E.N., Walker, B.E. https://nph.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/nph.19592

Conservation
Predicted extinction risk: not threatened. Confidence: confident
[AERP]

Bernal, R., Gradstein, S.R. & Celis, M. (eds.). 2015. Catálogo de plantas y líquenes de Colombia. Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá. http://catalogoplantasdecolombia.unal.edu.co

Distribution
Adventicia en Colombia; Alt. 1700 - 3600 m.; Andes.
Morphology General Habit
Hierba
Conservation
No Evaluada
[CPLC]

Distribution
Found in Boyacá, Colombia.
[UPFC]

The Useful Plants of Boyacá project

Ecology
Alt. 1700 - 3600 m.
Morphology General Habit
Herb.
Distribution
Introduced in Colombia.
[UPB]

Uses

Use Animal Food
Used as animal food.
Use Food
Used for food.
Use Materials
Used as material.
Use Medicines
Medical uses.
Use Social
Social uses.
[UPFC]

Use Medicines Digestive System Disorders
Flowers and leaves - used in liquid medicines to alleviate stomachache (Lagos-López 2007). Stems and flowers - Used in liquid medicines in the treatment of stomach complaints (Cadena González 2010).
Use Medicines Infections & Infestations
Stems, leaves and flowers - Used in topical medications and massages (Cadena González 2010).
Use Medicines Inflammation
Flowers - Used in liquid medicines as an anti-inflammatory (Lagos-López 2007).
Use Medicines Mental Disorders
Stems, leaves and flowers - Used in liquid medicines as a relaxant (Cadena González 2010).
Use Medicines Muscular-Skeletal System Disorders
Stems, leaves and flowers - Used in topical medications and massages (Cadena González 2010). Flowers - Used in liquid medicines to alleviate spasms (Lagos-López 2007).
Use Medicines Nervous System Disorders
Flowers - Used in liquid medicines (Lagos-López 2007, Cadena González 2010, Florez-Cárdenas et al. 2010).
Use Medicines Pain
Used in medicines to alleviate pain (Lagos-López 2007).
Use Medicines Pregnancy, Birth or Puerpuerium Disorders
Used in the treatment of early or high-risk childbirth (Florez-Cárdenas et al. 2010).
Use Medicines Sensory System Disorders
Used in liquid medicines for the treatment of conjunctivitis (Lagos-López 2007).
[UPB]

Common Names

Spanish
Manzanilla matricaria, manzanilla amarga, manzanilla grande, manzanilla dulce.

Sources

  • Angiosperm Extinction Risk Predictions v1

    • Angiosperm Threat Predictions
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0

  • Catálogo de Plantas y Líquenes de Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Flora of Iraq

    • Flora of Somalia
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Herbarium Catalogue Specimens

    • Digital Image © Board of Trustees, RBG Kew http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • Kew Names and Taxonomic Backbone

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0

  • Kew Science Photographs

    • Copyright applied to individual images

  • Universidad Nacional de Colombia

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants and Fungi of Colombia

    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0

  • Useful Plants of Boyacá Project

    • ColPlantA database
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0
    • http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

  • World Checklist of Vascular plants (WCVP)

    • The International Plant Names Index and World Checklist of Vascular Plants 2024. Published on the Internet at http://www.ipni.org and https://powo.science.kew.org/
    • © Copyright 2023 World Checklist of Vascular Plants. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0